| Įĭ,ǿ
= ſ ڰ Ӵ (2001) ' ̴ 100'̶ ƴ Դϴ. ðδ öе ִ ̶ Ǵܵ ٽ ϰ մϴ. ð 귯 Ϻ ġ Ͱ ٶϴ. ڴ '¸Ͻ' ǥ̻ ġڿ õ å ϴ ϰ ʴϴ١"ε ɲ" "̸ ã Ÿ " "Ȥ " "̶ ãƺ ߱"
Į ĭ ϴ ó κ ͵̴. ĭ ڽ θ "ġ (I'm just a value player)" θ. ֽ 鿩 ٸٴ ̴. ٸ ڵ ״ ֽ ǰ Ҹ ȮѴ. ֽ ġ ̱ 濵 ȸ縦 ҸŰ ϵ з ϱ ϰ, μպ ּϴ ҵ ô´.
ĭԴ ڼ ø ֽڴ ƹ ǹ̵ . ȭϸ, ̱ ᱹ ̴. ĭ ̱ٴ " ƴ(Who got the money)" ̴.
¸ϱ ؼ ڽŸ Ư ־ Ѵ. ĭ װ ȮǼ Ȯϰ ٺ ̶ ִ. ηϴ ȮǼ ȸ Ǵϰ ڸ ִ ɷ̴. ĭ ٴϴ 1980 ػ ֽİŷ ̰ ɷ ش.
ĭ ػ ֽ ϱ 1980 ߹. ִ 40ؿ ʸ ߴ. ػڰ 差 ڻ и ƴٴ Ǵ̾ ū ø ŭ ְ ʴٴ Ǵ ϴ ҷ ֽ 鿩 ȸ ̾. ״ 1 ̻ ߰, ȸ ãƿԴ.
ػڰ Ƽ μ õ Ҽۿ Ͽ м κ 112 ع ϶ ǰ ̴. ػڴ ̾ Ļû °, ְ ߴ. ̶ 1987 4̾. 1987 10 ְ ± ġ ػ ְ 28 . ĭ ȸ ġ ʰ 1987 11 600ָ ߰ 鿴.
ĭ ػ 10% شϴ 2,400ָ ȣ ȣκ ֽ ش Ǹ ´. ״ ְ 29 1,200ָ ϰ, 1 ֽ 1,200ֵ 37 鿴. ĭ ػ ֽ Ű ȣ ٸƴ ĭ ػ ֽĿ ó ߴ ڰ. ״ ĭ ػڿ ϴ ڽ ػ ֽ Ը ̰ ڶ, ֽĸ ̷. ᱹ ְ ״ ٱ ĭ ֽ ѱ ̾.
̹ ػ ֽ 3,000 ̻ ĭ ػڿ ϰ ع 翡 30 . ĭ ػ ֽ ̶ ü ֽ 15% ϴ 4,230ַ þ ־. ĭ ҼŸ ڽ ֽĸŰ 1989 1 ü ֽ ִ 49 常 轺 θ Űߴ. ״ 18 5̻ ڼ ø ̾.
ĭ ں ó "ȮǼ ϴ "̾. Ȯϴٴ ŭ ְ ϰ ߸ ̴.
װ 1990 ũ зǴ RJR ȸä ̰, 1995 ȸ ֽĸ ū ڼ ø ͵ ߵ ϴ ȮǼ ̾. ״ ̰ " ȮǼ(intellectual certainty)"̶ Ѵ. "(̱ ε) ȸκ õ ϴµ ̵ ȸ縦 ϰ . ȸ ε ƾ 20 ̻ س ̴."
1990 ߹ ĭ ɲ ָ ټ ѳ ־. óŻ ̵ ڸ ϱ ߰, ְ ص ʹ ұ ̴. ĭ غ ٽ ɽġʰ ϰ ִ. Ÿŭ ȭ ̴.
ĭ 1998 ̷ ְ õ ġھҴ ͳ ָ 1999 ŵϱ ߴ. ŵ ֽ ŵϴ ְ ߿ Ѱ ̸ ٽ ì , ְ Ǹ ū ս ִ. ĭ â ɷ ְ Ͻ ǰ̸ ᱹ ̶ ߴ. ͳ ִ ̾, 3 ְġ ϴ ״ 6,000 ڼս ؾ ߴ.
״ ̶ " ġ ʴ´. (ְ) ⸦ ٷ." ߴ. ״ ְ ֿ ŵ ÷, ״ Ϲݱ ֿ ְ 90% û ڼ ì. " Ȯ ڿ ȮǼ ִ. ϰ ִ Ͽ ֱ ̴."
״ ִ ڵȸ ʷ ͽ(GM) ֽ ż õߴٰ ߵ ξ ߴ. ȸ ü ֽ 15% شϴ 50 ġ ֽ ȹ̾ GM ̰ ֽĸ ȹ ǥν ״ ߴ 1,500 ġ ֽ Űϰ .
״ ڽ ڼ ߱ Ѵ. 3 Ÿڶ ſ Ǹ ߱ ´. ̷ Ÿ 10 ߿ 6 ̻ ƿ Ѵ. ߿ 10 ߿ 3 ̻ Ÿ ߱ ִٴ ̴.
ô밡 ο ̴. Į ĭ 쵵 . 1980 Į ĭ " ɲ" . ״ " (the corporate governance movement)" Ҹ ִ.
б⺰ ǥǴ ǥ и ڻ ä ʰߴ ε ڿ ǻ縦 ϰ ڻ νڻ 巯, οܺä ߰ ߰ߵ ڵ ֽ ǰ ̱ Ͼ. ̷ ʴ ʰ濵ֳ ɷ¾ 濵 濵 ڴ ߱ ̴. ټ ä нİ ϰ, û ӱݰ ì 濵鿡 ¼ ټ ֵ Ǹ ã ĭ ϴ ٺ . ִ ٸ ƴ ֽĿ ֵ̱ ̴.
ĭ ׳ īŸ(Magna Carta) Ѵ. ׳ īŸ Ǹ ⺻̰, ֵ ⺻ Ϸ ̶ . "ΰ ֵ Ǹ ϰ, 浵 ϴ . ǹ̿ ǽô ϴ. ε ǿ ӹڿ ; ƹ ϰ ִ."
ĭ Ư ֽĽ 忡 κ ְִ ڰ ִٰ Ѵ. "ڰ 濵 ¯ , ̻ ĺ ʴ. Ѵٰ ٶ ƴϴ. ڰ ְ ϳ, ̵ ڰ 濵 Բ ġ 븦 ´."
̹ۿ 濵 ¼ ο ⳪ Ҽۿ ָ ִ. û ð , ҿǰ, ᱹ ټ ֵ ڰ鸶 ̸ ϰ ȴ. ĭ ٸ. װ ֽ ̸ Űϰų μպ ּϱ ɷ 濵 üϰ, ְ 濵 ӱ Ƴ. ͼ ġ شȭ ִ ̶ ̵ ʴ´. װ ֵ Ǹ ̴ ̰, ൿϴ ֶ 翬 ؾ ̱ ̴.
濵 ĭ ֽ ϱ ϸ , ηѴ. Ȥ ɲ̶ Ѵ. 1980 ̱ ó ֱǸ ȭߴ ιƮ ũ ൿ ڵ鿡 "ſ ƴ" Ѵ. 츮Ե ˷ ĸ ̷ "ĭ ڽ ì鼭 α⸦ ־" ϰ ִ.
ĭ 1936 Ŭ ¾. ƹ 븦 ȣ Ȱ ʰ ȸ 뿡 Ȱ߰, Ӵϴ 翴. θ ܵƵ ĭ " δ ȸ ִ" ƴ. ״ ̰ θ ħٴ ū ڿ ܻ ġ ڰ Ǵ ߴ.
о پ ĭ б ް ϴп , ö ߴ. ϴκ DZ ߴ л öп ̾. " ̷̰ 迡 ٸ ǹ̾ ̸, Ƿκ ´" ̾.
̰ ö ״ ̾ ִ . ϴ ǰп ĭ "Ǹ ٷ " ΰ ϰ ȴ. Ʒüҿ Ŀ ״ ΰ и д پ, ް Ⱓ 4,000 տ ȴ.
1961 ȸ 巹۽ ߽ ĭ 鿡 õ ִ ɷ ϱ 1962 ְ . ״ ̶ ϵ ڽ Ʈ ģ鿡 "ȣ" ӴḦ ϱ ߴٰ Ѵ.
ĭ ɼڷ ̸ Ż Ű, 1968 ܻ ڽ ȸ Icahn & Co. Ѵ. ״ â⿴ ɼ о߿ ū ì, ǰŷҿ Ƹī ǰŷ, ܽ ŷǴ ֽĵ ̸ ̿ ū ־.
ɲ̶ ɸ ʰ ĭ 1990븦 ϰ ´. ĭ ڽ ǥ "ġ"Դ ְ ʹ ұ ̴. ״ 1999 ͺ信 ̷ ߴ.
" ֽĽ Դ ʹ . ְͺ̳ ΰġ ðѾ , ͷ ƴϴ. ʵ ߾ ݵ忡 ñ. ߸ư, ִ."
״ 1990 κ Ⱓ ִ . ȸ ̶ 鼭.
ó Ϲݱ ֽĽ ߴ. ð γߴ ĭ ݾ ̰ ִ. 65 Ǵ ĭ Դ ָ ãƳ ɰ ɷ ִ. ̰ ȸ簡 ñϰ ̴.
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