ƴ о߶ غڴ . Ͻö.
̱ Ͽ ̺ ʱ û ؼҸ ߰踦 ұԸ ڻ ߰ Ͽ. 츮 ų ϼ ߰ ־ û û Ѵ. Ϲ 츮 50 ̱ ϴ ܼ (CATV, Community Antenna TeleVision) ó ¼ 翬 .
1. ʱ CATV ڸ ұԸ ߾.
1950 ʹݿ ; ܳ ̺ Ͻ ϸ 翬 ܱ Ͽ. 50 ߹ݿ ߿ ·μ MSO(Multiple System Operation) ϱ Ѵ. µ ٴ ϴ 찡 ټ.
̶ ôߴ Milton Jerrold Shapp, Henry Griffing ̾µ Jerrold ߰ ׳ ڿ. ״ 1959 9 SO 3 α Ͽ. Griffing 150 ִ µ, CATV ڿ pay-per-view ȭ ϰڴٴ ̺ Ͽ. 50 帥 ݵ ̵ ϰ Ű ϱ⸦ ٴ ̶̻ ⸸ ϴ.
̺ µμ ƹ ñ⿴.
2. 1960 ̺ ۿ ɰ ڰ Ͼ MSO Ѵ.
1959 Ͽ 39 CATV ־ κ 2-3 SO ϰ ־. Irving Kahn̶ ⸦ ̳ ο ãٰ CATV Ѵ. ٸ ü H&B Jerroldκ μϿ ξü ȴ(22 SO 6 ).
̶ ̺ ȭԿ з ۰ ٸ ٸ ʾҴ. Broadcasting[]̰ CATV Narrowcasting[]̸, ̷ ̴ -׳ ̺-̶ ۹ ̷κ ´. Ը ̷ ̾.
ü Ŀ ϹǷ CATV 䰡 Ұ ϴ ý ϱ⸸ ϸ . Ŵ ڵκ 帧 ̾. ư ̺ ʾƵ Ǿ. ٽ ؼ ϴ 5-7 Ӱ ϰ Ǹ ʾƼ ش Ⱓ ־. ȿ ġ Բ . 1960 Ĺݿ ̺ 强 ġ ˾ƺ Ͽ.
1960뿡 ΰ ˴ٽ Ͽ(ѱ 1961 TV ) CATV ϱ ̺ μϱ Ͽ. 1969 ڷῡ ̱ ̺ ý 32.2% CBS, NBC ۻ ϰų ϰ ־.
3. ̺ 忡 .
FCC(Federal Communication Committee) ̱ / å Ѱϰ ϴ å ̴. ѱ ȸ ϴ. ̱ å ϹǷ ѱ ȸ ȸ, ݵ å å ⱸ ִ.
1960 FCC ΰ ؼ ϰ Ͽ å Ͽ. ϳ ̺ μ, 1964 1 2 պϰڴٰ FCC CATV ݰ- ɼ ؼ Ͽ. պ Ͽ FCC 4 8 ϴ ߿ å Ͽ.
ٸ ϳ CATV ۻ μ, 1970 FCC Ӱ Ѵٴ Ͽ TV ̺ õ ϰ ȴ. , ̺ ϴ 1996 Telecommunication Act 40 ٱⰡ ̾´. ΰ å 2007 ѱ ̺ Ż, ϰ üȭǾ Ÿ ִ.
̷ ұϰ ̺ ũ ƹ ʰ ̿ ũ⸦ Ű. ̷ 弼 ̸鿡 ̺ 뵵÷ ϴµ ־. ٽ ؼ µ ͼ ʾұ α ִ 뵵÷ ȮϱⰡ .
4. 1984 ̺ Ŀ´̼ǹ ̺ ο ô밡 ϴ.
1980 鼭 ΰ ȭ . ϳ '' ۹ 80 ̺ ϰ ȴ. ϳ ȭ ϸ鼭 ȭ ǥǴ Ż 尡 ġ öа Բ ż Ѵ.
ݱ ̺ ڻ ߰ ̾ٸ, ۹ ̺ Ը Ŀ ̰ α ä ϴ Ƽä ̵ ŵ쳪 ȴ. α ϰ Ǹ鼭 1980 4,225̴ ۱ 1990 9,575 ϰ 1õ7鸸 (1980) 5õ5鸸 3 ̻ ϰ ȴ( 23% 61%). ñ ü ѱ 2005 ִ. ѱ 1995 ۵ 10⸸ 1000 ϰ 62% ̰ ִ.
Ż?ϸ ̱ ȭ 漼(80 ̰ǰ ƹ ν ȭ DZ) ŷ ٺδ Ŀ´̼ ũ ٸüä ô ִ. ű ٿ ͳ̶ ο ü Ű 鿡 ο պ / ȸ Ѵ.
鿡 ο ں μպ Ÿ ̺ ġ Ӱ ǰ ȴ. ̱ ̺ ؿԴ Ŵ MSO - TPT, ATC, Warner, Storer װ ο ڵ ϰ ȴ. TCI, Time Warner, Continental, Comcast, Cablevision ̴. 忡 ο ں (, C&M 30% Ű) μպ ̺ Ƹ ִ. ٸ 鿡 ̺ ں ̸ ûڵ ̷ ֵ ߰ Ǵ ̴.
80 ̺ ؿ 1996 Telecommunications Act Ǹ鼭 ۰ ̶ ο ϰ ȴ.
5. Ը
1993 ȸ Bell Atlantic 1 ̺ȸ TCI պ õ FCC ̽ ϰ . ̷ õ з 90 ""̶ ȭθ а, ο ٴ ȿ ִ. ó ȭȸ簡 ̺ ȸ縦 μϸ ȭ ̺ õ ̴. ̷ ȭDZ ̴. RBOC US West ȭȸ簡 Continental̶ ̺ ȸ縦 μϿ ó ϰ 1998 Media One лϰ ȴ. 90 Ĺ ȸ AT&T 1 ̺ ȸ TCI 480ҿ μ ó ϰ 2001 ̺ 3 Comcast Ȱ ȴ. ̷ ó ̱ ȭȸ ݴٴ ŵξ.
̺ غ 1994 ̱ ̺ ý ڴ (11,000)ϰ ǰ 90븦 ġ鼭 MSO ڴ ϰ ȴ. ̴ 츮 ΰ ûѴ. ̺ ̻ ̸ Ű ٴ ̺ հ պ Ͼ Ŀ ȭǾ ٴ ̴. 2006 ̱ 1 ̺ Comcast 2õ3鸸 ̺ ڿ 1õ1鸸 ͳ , 240 ȭڵ , 39 4õ5鸸 Ŀϰ ִ. 2 Time Warner Cable 1õ3鸸 ڿ 6鸸 ͳ ڸ Ʋ 2õ 6鸸 Ŀϰ ִ. 1 2 1õ5鸸 ڰ ̰ 90븦 Ʋ 1 2 4鸸 ƾ.
Ż ۰ 谡 ̺ ȸ ȭ(ͳ ȭ), ȭȸ ۼ(IPTV) ְ Ǿ " " ִ ȸ ǰ ִ. ȭȸ糪 ̺ ȸ 忡 Ű ִ ȸ ŭ ġ £ ȴٴ ڰ ϰ ڸ ̰ ȴ.
6. 츮 Ȳ?
̺ ȸ ̹ ȭ ڷ ġ ȭ Ϸ غ̰ ȸ IPTV 븦 ϱ ̴. Ƹ ʾ ȭ ̴. 庮 ȭ ο ȯ Һڵ鿡 ϴ ִٴ Һ ȴ. и ȭ ⸦ ȸ ȴٴ ʿϸ Ǵܵȴ.
= ѱ ̺ Ư.
1) ̴.
Ƹ ð ̴. ״ ̴ ¤ ġ ̴. Ű Ǵ ƴ϶ ҿ Ư . 㸦 ſ ŷ ̴.
2) ̺ 80% ̴.
Ƹ μպ ӵǾ 5 ڷ ȴ. ŷ δ.
3) ̺ Ƽ( 6) ̺ ͱ ϴ.
Ϳ ̺ ġ ٰ Ǵ ̴. ΰ ǹ̸ ִ. 2006 Ϻ ڴ 42, ̰ 30, ȫ 24, 븸 16̴. Ǿٰ ϳ δ ̿ λ ؼ 尡ɼ δ. 2015 ڴ 15 ߴ. ̺ ̰Ե IPTV 庮 δ.
4) 2010 ̺ Żȭ Ǿ ִ.
̺ 忡 α ؾ Ѵٴ δ ֱ ȭ ̺ ȭ μ ȿ ´(ڴ 15).
5) ͳݰ ȭ и ο â̶ ´.
2000 ̺ ͳ ü ͳ 16.7% ϸ鼭 ̺ ü 20% ϰ ִ. ̿ ջǰ(bundling services) ݿ ־ ҺڿԵ ִ. ϳ ̺ ȸ ̺TV ʰͳ ջǰ ִ 40% ʰͳ ϰ ִ.
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